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Java 8 introduced several new features and enhancements:

 Java 8 introduced several new features and enhancements:


1. Lambdas: Lambdas enable functional programming in Java and simplify the process of writing code that handles collections, concurrency, and other tasks.


2. Stream API: The Stream API is a new API for processing collections in a functional style, which makes it easy to filter, transform, and aggregate data.


3. Default Methods: Default methods allow interface evolution by providing a mechanism to add new methods to an interface without breaking the code that already implements the interface.


4. Date and Time API: The Date and Time API provides a more comprehensive and flexible API for working with dates and times.


5. Optional: Optional is a new class that helps avoid null pointer exceptions by providing a way to represent a value that may or may not be present.


6. Nashorn JavaScript Engine: Nashorn is a new JavaScript engine that allows developers to embed JavaScript in Java applications and execute it on the JVM.


7. Type Annotations: Type annotations provide the ability to annotate any type in Java code, including classes, interfaces, methods, and variables.


8. Parallel Arrays: The Arrays class now includes parallelSort() and parallelPrefix() methods, which enable faster processing of large arrays on multicore systems.


9. PermGen Removal: The Permanent Generation (PermGen) space has been removed, and metadata is now stored in the native heap.


10. JavaFX: JavaFX is a new Java-based framework for building rich client applications. It includes support for web standards like HTML5 and CSS3.

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